Can you contrast the UN Guiding Principles' approach towards governing business' respect for human rights with the approach taken on the internationally binding instrument?

How do you think the UN Guiding Principles (2011) are different from previous efforts at the international level to develop human rights standards for business actors?

What are the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights? Please explain their history, content and the underlying governance idea.

Kontekst: After determining the promotion of human rights as one of the organization’s purposes in Article 1/3, UN Charter gives place to human rights in its articles 13, 55, 56, 62, 68, and 76. Article 13 gives the General Assembly the task of initiating studies and making recommendations forassisting in the realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion. Articles 55 and 56 go under the heading of “International Economic and Social Co-Operation”. Article 55 states that the UN will promote universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion. According to Article 56, all Members promise to take joint and separate action in co-operation with the Organization for the achievement of the purposes set forth in Article 55. Articles 62 and 68 are under the Chapter X devoted to the ECOSOC. Article 62/2 provides that the ECOSOC may make recommendations for the purpose of promoting respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all. Article 68 is the basis of the Commission of Human Rights since it gives the ECOSOC the power to set up commissions for the promotion of human rights. Article 76 is placed under Chapter XII titled “International Trusteeship System”. It makes the purposes of the UN as an organization provided in Article 1, also the purposes of the trusteeship system. It can be discerned from the relevant articles that the Charter’s main concern was the discrimination based on race, sex, language or religion. This concern was also reflected in the Preamble in the formula of the “faith in the equal rights of men and women”. Two main organs of the UN, General Assembly and the ECOSOC were given the task of promoting human rights generally. Early General Assembly resolutions addressed alleged violations of human rights in several East European countries. Among the earliest acts of the ECOSOC was to create the Commission on Human Rights as well as on the status of women and to approve the establishment of sub-commissions on the prevention of discrimination, protection of minorities and on freedom of press (Hannum, 1995: 322). However, first job they had to do was preparing a catalogue of rights.

There are ten principles of the UN Global Compact that serve as guidelines for international firms doing business in the least developed countries.Which of the following is one of these principles?a.)Ensure companies are not complicit in human rights abuses.b.)Avoid child labor if it violates the laws of the foreign country.c.)Avoid extortion and bribery unless it supports the common good.d.)Prevent collective bargaining unless the foreign country requires it.

Eclaration of Human Rights and Environment was drafted by the United Nations atQuestion 4Answera.Switzerlandb.Francec.Brazild.South Africa