The image above shows the retrograde (backward) motion of Mars as observed from Earth by the astronomer who discovered it. Knowing the orbits of Earth and Mars were important in the discovery of the three laws of planetary motion. Which of these mathematician/astronomers used observation and deductive reasoning to discover these laws? A. Johannes Kepler B. Galileo Galilei C. Tycho Brahe D. Sir Isaac Newton

In 1687, Isaac Newton published a book explaining his three laws of planetary motion and the law of gravity. The importance of these discoveries was his general theory that A. the behavior of nature is basically unpredictable. B. nature consists of unpredictable acts of deities. C. all of nature follows uniform, unchanging laws. D. astronomical objects cannot be described using math.

Why were Galileo Galilei's astronomical observations important to the scientific revolution?A.They confirmed Copernicus's controversial theory that the Earth revolved around the sun.B.They demonstrated that the Bible actually supported many new scientific discoveries.C.They mathematically confirmed Isaac Newton's laws of motion and theory of gravity.D.They proved that an empirical approach could not be used in the study of physical motion.SUBMITarrow_backPREVIOUS

Galileo is known as the “father of science” because A. he invented the telescope to view the planets and stars. B. he determined the planets traveled in elliptical orbits. C. he performed experiments and analyzed the results mathematically. D. he developed an early evolutionary theory of how life began.

Who were the Greek philosophers mentioned in the text who sought rational explanations for celestial phenomena?Copernicus, Ptolemy, AristarchusThales, Anaximander, AristotleKepler, Galileo, NewtonEuclid, Pythagoras, Archimedes

Galileo made an important contribution to science by Select one: proving the existence of other planets. discovering the origins of stars. determining the causes of eclipses. providing evidence for a heliocentric universe.