Let An and Bn be two sequences such that An = 11 + 8(n – 1) and Bn = 13 + 9(n – 1) for all natural numbers n ≤ 500. Then, find the largest integer common to both these sequences.
Question
Let An and Bn be two sequences such that An = 11 + 8(n – 1) and Bn = 13 + 9(n – 1) for all natural numbers n ≤ 500. Then, find the largest integer common to both these sequences.
Solution
Para encontrar el mayor entero común a ambas secuencias y , primero expresamos las secuencias en términos de :
Simplificamos las expresiones:
Buscamos el mayor entero común a ambas secuencias, es decir, buscamos y tales que:
Reorganizamos la ecuación:
Esta es una ecuación diofántica lineal. Para resolverla, buscamos soluciones enteras y . Usamos el método de búsqueda de soluciones particulares y luego la forma general de la solución.
Primero, encontramos una solución particular. Probamos con valores pequeños de y :
Para :
No es una solución entera. Probamos con :
No es una solución entera. Probamos con :
No es una solución entera. Probamos con :
No es una solución entera. Probamos con :
No es una solución entera. Probamos con :
No es una solución entera. Probamos con :
Encontramos una solución particular: y .
La solución general de la ecuación diofántica es:
donde es un entero.
Para encontrar el mayor entero común a ambas secuencias dentro del límite , buscamos el mayor tal que:
El mayor valor entero de es 54. Sustituimos en la solución general:
Entonces, el mayor entero común a ambas secuencias es:
Por lo tanto, el mayor entero común a ambas secuencias es .
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