The oxidation number of Mg in MgSO4⋅7H2O is +2.

Here's the step-by-step explanation:

1. The oxidation number of an atom in its elemental state is always zero. However, in compounds, this isn't the case.

2. In the compound MgSO4⋅7H2O, Mg is bonded to SO4 and H2O.

3. The oxidation state of oxygen (O) is typically -2 and hydrogen (H) is +1.

4. In the sulfate ion (SO4^2-), the overall charge is -2. Since oxygen has an oxidation state of -2 and there are four oxygen atoms, the total oxidation state from oxygen is -8. To balance this, sulfur (S) must have an oxidation state of +6.

5. In the water molecule (H2O), the total oxidation state from the two hydrogen atoms is +2 (since +1 x 2 = +2). To balance this, oxygen must have an oxidation state of -2.

6. Magnesium (Mg) is in group 2 of the periodic table and therefore, it has an oxidation state of +2 in this compound.

So, the oxidation number of Mg in MgSO4⋅7H2O is +2.

Question

The oxidation number of Mg in MgSO4⋅7H2O is +2.

Here's the step-by-step explanation:

1. The oxidation number of an atom in its elemental state is always zero. However, in compounds, this isn't the case.

2. In the compound MgSO4⋅7H2O, Mg is bonded to SO4 and H2O.

3. The oxidation state of oxygen (O) is typically -2 and hydrogen (H) is +1.

4. In the sulfate ion (SO4^2-), the overall charge is -2. Since oxygen has an oxidation state of -2 and there are four oxygen atoms, the total oxidation state from oxygen is -8. To balance this, sulfur (S) must have an oxidation state of +6.

5. In the water molecule (H2O), the total oxidation state from the two hydrogen atoms is +2 (since +1 x 2 = +2). To balance this, oxygen must have an oxidation state of -2.

6. Magnesium (Mg) is in group 2 of the periodic table and therefore, it has an oxidation state of +2 in this compound.

So, the oxidation number of Mg in MgSO4⋅7H2O is +2.

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