What role does tRNA play in gene expression?Group of answer choicesIt helps the newly synthesized protein fold up into the correct shape.It adds the correct amino acid to the protein being synthesizedIt serves as a starting point for building the new RNA strand.It temporarily separates the two strands of the DNA double helix.It binds to the gene's promoter to start the process of transcription.
Question
What role does tRNA play in gene expression?Group of answer choicesIt helps the newly synthesized protein fold up into the correct shape.It adds the correct amino acid to the protein being synthesizedIt serves as a starting point for building the new RNA strand.It temporarily separates the two strands of the DNA double helix.It binds to the gene's promoter to start the process of transcription.
Solution
tRNA, or transfer RNA, plays a crucial role in gene expression, specifically in the process of translation. Its main function is to add the correct amino acid to the protein being synthesized.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
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Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon that is complementary to an mRNA codon.
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In the cytoplasm, each tRNA molecule binds to a specific amino acid, forming an aminoacyl-tRNA complex. This process is catalyzed by a group of enzymes known as aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
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During translation, the tRNA molecules transport their attached amino acids to the ribosome, which is the site of protein synthesis.
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At the ribosome, the anticodon of the tRNA pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA molecule.
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The ribosome catalyzes the formation of a peptide bond between the amino acid carried by the tRNA and the growing polypeptide chain.
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The tRNA, now without its amino acid, detaches from the mRNA and leaves the ribosome, ready to be recharged with another amino acid.
So, the correct answer to your question is: "It adds the correct amino acid to the protein being synthesized."
Similar Questions
Which of the following statements best describes a feature of tRNA?Group of answer choicestRNAs consist of a single strand of RNA folded into a precise 3D structuretRNAs help position primase molecules on the leading strandThere is at least one tRNA molecule for each strand of DNATheir catalytic activity is dependant on the attached amino acid
What is the name of part of tRNA that is a complimentary match to the code on the mRNA
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (amino acid activating enzymes): Group of answer choicesin conjunction with another enzyme attach the amino acid to the tRNA.interact directly with free ribosomes.“recognize” specific tRNA molecules and specific amino acids.occur in multiple forms for each amino acid.require GTP to activate the amino acid.
In the activation of an amino acid for protein synthesisGroup of answer choicestwo separate enzymes are required, one to form the aminoacyl adenylate, the other to attach the amino acid to the tRNAmethionine is first formylated and then attached to a specific tRNAthe amino acid is attached to the 5 end of the tRNA through a phosphodiester bondthere is at least one specific aminoacyltRNA synthase and one specific tRNA for each amino acidAll of the above
The enzymes that reloads empty tRNA molecules with the proper amino acid.Group of answer choicesspliceosometranscription factorRNA polymeraseaminoacyl-tRNA synthetasepolyribosomeNext
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