medication has a special coating that does not dissolve until the substance reaches the small intestine. This is because it is better absorbed in the small intestine, and may be destroyed by the acidic environment of the stomach.CapsulePillTrocheEnteric coated

Outer coveringresistant to dissolution in gastric juices – never crush is called:  Capsule  Enteric-coated tablet.  Sustained release tablet  scored tablet

AbsorptionDrug moves from site of administration into the blood, crossing at least one membrane (except if administered IV)To cross membranes, drugs must be in solution and lipid solubleInfluenced by..oRoute of administrationoDosage form – solution, tablet, suppository, etc.oSolubility of the drug – if lipid soluble, drugs cross membranes more easilyoOther factors – food in stomach, type of food in stomach; movement of drug through stomach and small intestine, pH of stomach/intestinal fluids, etc.First-pass effect – influences bioavailability of the drugBioavailability of the drug - “portion of a [drug] dose that reaches systemic circulation and is available to act on body cells

An acidic drug is more soluble in stomach or small intestine?

Enteric coatings are often chosen based on pH factors to resist dissolution in the acid environment of the stomach. True False

InstructionDistinguish how the physicochemical properties of the drug molecule, finished dosage form, excipients, method of manufacturing, and route of drug administration affect the bioavailability of drugsBy utilizing the table below, fill in the effect of dissolution and bioavailability of the different biopharmaceutic considerations: Biopharmaceutic Factors Effect in Dissolution Effect in BioavailabilityLarge particle size of the drug Crystalline polymorphs Excessive use of suspending agents Excessive use of tablet lubricants Incorporation of absorption enhancers Intravenously administered drugs Perorally administered drugs For drugs that have very poor aqueous solubility For a drug that has a high aqueous solubility Extended- or controlled-release formulations