4. If red blood cells cultured in an isotonic mediumare placed in distilled water, they will most likely(A) remain unchanged(B) shrivel(C) swell and lyse(D) divide(E) become dormant
Question
- If red blood cells cultured in an isotonic mediumare placed in distilled water, they will most likely(A) remain unchanged(B) shrivel(C) swell and lyse(D) divide(E) become dormant
Solution
The correct answer is (C) swell and lyse.
Here's the step by step explanation:
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Red blood cells in an isotonic solution are in a state of equilibrium with their environment. This means that the concentration of solutes (like salts and other substances) is the same inside and outside the cells, so water doesn't move across the cell membrane.
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Distilled water is hypotonic compared to the inside of a red blood cell. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than another solution. In this case, the distilled water has fewer solutes than the inside of the cell.
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When cells are placed in a hypotonic solution, water will move from the area of lower solute concentration (the distilled water) to the area of higher solute concentration (inside the cell) in an attempt to equalize the solute concentrations. This is a process called osmosis.
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As water enters the red blood cells, they will begin to swell as the volume of water inside them increases.
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If enough water enters the cells, they may eventually lyse, or burst, due to the increased pressure inside the cell. This is why the answer is (C) swell and lyse.
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