An experiment is being carried out at a car factory. In this experiment, a crash test dummy (which is not wearing a seatbelt) is put into a car and deliberately crashed into a wall. The researchers find that the dummy continues moving forward and goes through the car's windscreen. Explain why the crash test dummy continues moving forward at the same speed as before the crash.
Question
An experiment is being carried out at a car factory. In this experiment, a crash test dummy (which is not wearing a seatbelt) is put into a car and deliberately crashed into a wall. The researchers find that the dummy continues moving forward and goes through the car's windscreen. Explain why the crash test dummy continues moving forward at the same speed as before the crash.
Solution
This phenomenon can be explained by Newton's First Law of Motion, also known as the Law of Inertia. This law states that an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Here are the steps to understand this:
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Before the crash, both the car and the dummy are moving at the same speed.
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When the car hits the wall, it comes to a sudden stop because of the unbalanced force exerted by the wall.
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However, no external force is applied directly to the dummy at the moment of the crash. Therefore, according to the Law of Inertia, the dummy continues to move forward at the same speed.
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The dummy only stops when it hits the windscreen, which exerts an unbalanced force on it.
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