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Which ordered pairs need to be added to the relationp = {(a,a),(a,d),(b,d),(c,c),(d,a),(d,d)}on the set X = {a,b,c,d} to create the transitive closure p^t of p? A (a,a) B (a,b) C (a,c) D (a,d) E (b,a) F (b,b) G (b,c) H (b,d) I (c,a) J (c,b) K (c,c) L (c,d) M (d,a) N (d,b) O (d,c) P (d,d) Q None of them

Question

Which ordered pairs need to be added to the relationp = {(a,a),(a,d),(b,d),(c,c),(d,a),(d,d)}on the set X = {a,b,c,d} to create the transitive closure p^t of p? A (a,a) B (a,b) C (a,c) D (a,d) E (b,a) F (b,b) G (b,c) H (b,d) I (c,a) J (c,b) K (c,c) L (c,d) M (d,a) N (d,b) O (d,c) P (d,d) Q None of them

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Solution

Para crear el cierre transitivo pt p^t de la relación p p en el conjunto X={a,b,c,d} X = \{a, b, c, d\} , debemos agregar los pares ordenados necesarios para que la relación sea transitiva. La transitividad implica que si (x,y)p(x, y) \in p y (y,z)p(y, z) \in p, entonces (x,z)p(x, z) \in p.

Dado p={(a,a),(a,d),(b,d),(c,c),(d,a),(d,d)} p = \{(a,a), (a,d), (b,d), (c,c), (d,a), (d,d)\} , vamos a verificar y agregar los pares necesarios:

  1. (a,d)(a, d) y (d,a)(d, a) implican (a,a)(a, a), pero (a,a)(a, a) ya está en p p .
  2. (a,d)(a, d) y (d,d)(d, d) implican (a,d)(a, d), pero (a,d)(a, d) ya está en p p .
  3. (b,d)(b, d) y (d,a)(d, a) implican (b,a)(b, a), por lo que debemos agregar (b,a)(b, a).
  4. (b,d)(b, d) y (d,d)(d, d) implican (b,d)(b, d), pero (b,d)(b, d) ya está en p p .
  5. (d,a)(d, a) y (a,d)(a, d) implican (d,d)(d, d), pero (d,d)(d, d) ya está en p p .
  6. (d,a)(d, a) y (a,a)(a, a) implican (d,a)(d, a), pero (d,a)(d, a) ya está en p p .

Entonces, el único par que necesitamos agregar es (b,a)(b, a).

La respuesta correcta es:

E (b, a)

This problem has been solved

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