Find the linearization L(x) of the function at a.f(x) = sin(x), a = 𝜋3
Question
Find the linearization L(x) of the function at a.f(x) = sin(x), a = 𝜋3
Solution 1
The linearization of a function f(x) at a point a is given by the formula:
L(x) = f(a) + f'(a)(x - a)
Here, we are given f(x) = sin(x) and a = 𝜋/3.
Step 1: Find f(a) Substitute a = 𝜋/3 into f(x) to get f(a). f(a) = sin(𝜋/3) = √3/2
Step 2: Find f'(x) The derivative of sin(x) is cos(x). So, f'(x) = cos(x).
Step 3: Find f'(a) Substitute a = 𝜋/3 into f'(x) to get f'(a). f'(a) = cos(𝜋/3) = 1/2
Step 4: Substitute f(a) and f'(a) into the formula for L(x) L(x) = f(a) + f'(a)(x - a) = √3/2 + 1/2(x - 𝜋/3)
So, the linearization L(x) of the function f(x) = sin(x) at a = 𝜋/3 is L(x) = √3/2 + 1/2(x - 𝜋/3).
Solution 2
The linearization of a function f(x) at a point a is given by the formula:
L(x) = f(a) + f'(a)(x - a)
Here, we have f(x) = sin(x) and a = 𝜋/3.
Step 1: Compute f(a) f(a) = sin(𝜋/3) = √3/2
Step 2: Compute f'(x) The derivative of sin(x) is cos(x), so f'(x) = cos(x).
Step 3: Compute f'(a) f'(a) = cos(𝜋/3) = 1/2
Step 4: Substitute f(a) and f'(a) into the linearization formula L(x) = f(a) + f'(a)(x - a) = √3/2 + 1/2 * (x - 𝜋/3)
So, the linearization L(x) of the function at 𝜋/3 is L(x) = √3/2 + 1/2 * (x - 𝜋/3).
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Find the linearization of the function f(x) = x + 1 at a = 8 and use it to approximate the numbers 8.95 and 9.04. Are these approximations overestimates or underestimates?SolutionThe derivative of f(x) = (x + 1)1⁄2 isf ′(x) = 12(x+1)−(12) ,and so we have f(8) = and f ′(8) = . Putting these values into the equation L(x) = f(a) + f ′(a)(x − a), we see that the linearization isL(x)= f(8) + f '(8)(x − 8) = + (x − 8)= .The corresponding linear approximation isx + 1 ≈ + x6 (when x is near 8).In particular, we have8.95 ≈ 53 + 6 = (round to four decimal places)and 9.04 ≈ 53 + 6 = (round to four decimal places).
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