The next two questions are related. Answer Part A first, and then answer Part B.Part AWhat is the author’s argument in “At Your Fingertips”?A Smartphones should be available for use in emergencies.B Smartphones are useful tools that can help students learn.C Students should be able to use smartphones as they please.D Only students who own smartphones can do well in school.

The next two questions are related. Answer Part A first, and then answer Part B.Part AWhat is the author’s argument in “At Your Fingertips”?A Smartphones should be available for use in emergencies.B Smartphones are useful tools that can help students learn.C Students should be able to use smartphones as they please.D Only students who own smartphones can do well in school.

8 Opponents of cell phone use in schools believe that cell phones are a distraction to many students. They argue that if students have access to personal calls and texts, they will not focus on their classwork. However, it is possible that cell phones can be advantageous for both teachers and students. Educational applications and internet access on smartphones are useful tools. In history classes, for example, cell phones can be used to explore primary sources on the internet or to find facts about current events that are not yet in textbooks. Cell phones can also be used to increase student collaboration, critical thinking, and personalized feedback from teachers (Biancarosa & Griffiths, 2012). Cell phones are already enhancing some classroom experiences. According to a Pew Research Center study, 73 percent of Advanced Placement and National Writing Project teachers claim that their students use cell phones to complete assignments in their classrooms (Higgins, 2013). Read this claim from paragraph 8 of the passage: Cell phones are already enhancing some classroom experiences. Which type of evidence does the author use to support this claim? a. Anecdotal evidence b. No evidence c. Facts and statistics d. Expert opinion

Cell Phones: Classroom Technology of the Future 1 The cell phone. No longer a device just to make telephone calls, cell phones can now be used to take pictures and record video, send text messages and tweets, and access the Internet. Using a smartphone, you can receive and send email, get directions, play games, listen to music, and watch movies. You can now speak to your cell phone and it will answer back. Ask it a question and it can tell you the answer. At some stores, customers can pay using their cell phones. The cell phone has become a handheld computer—an integral part of day-to-day technology. The question, therefore, inevitably arises: Is it appropriate for students to use cell phones in schools? Some schools have adopted policies to ban cell phone use in the classroom, but are these initiatives reasonable? Although they have limitations, cell phones can be used to ensure student safety, help with job skill preparation, and aid in classroom instruction. 2 The first cell phone call was made in 1973 by Martin Cooper, an engineer at Motorola. On a New York City street, he wowed observers with the new device. Ten years later, mobile phones were available to the public, and since then cell phone technology has completely changed communication (CBC News, 2013). According to the International Telecommunications Union (2013), a part of the United Nations, there are currently an estimated 7 billion cell phone subscriptions globally. Research completed for the Pew Research Internet Project reveals that in 2012, 85 percent of American adults had a cell phone (Duggan & Rainie, 2012). The popularity of cell phones has expanded among adolescents in the past few decades as well, and now 78 percent of teens use cell phones (Madden et al., 2013). 3 This proliferation of cell phone use among teens can work to their benefit. It can help keep them safe. Allowing cell phones in schools can increase student safety in the event of emergencies at or near school. It is unfortunate but true that recent events have proven that students are proactive in using their cell phones in times of emergency on school campuses. 4 Cell phones also allow students access to important public announcements and alerts. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) have developed Wireless Emergency Alerts. These are text messages that will warn the public about severe weather events, possible floods, or other local and national emergencies (FCC, n.d.). Having access to cell phones in schools can be the key to keeping students safe. 5 On a more routine basis, cell phones can assist with multiple aspects of learning about technology. Technology is continually advancing and becoming increasingly integral to everyday life. Instead of ignoring technology in the classroom, teachers should instruct students how to use it appropriately. Researchers agree, calling the understanding of media and technology the “new literacy” (Moje, 2009).

Which two pieces of advice does Dr. Dixon givefor those in technology-scarce areas?1 pointTry to use clickers as much as possible. Don’t waste your time learning about technology. Findout what resources exist in your school and use them.Learnas much as you can about the tools that could help your school and share themwith others.

________blank are cell phones with wireless connections to the Internet.Multiple ChoiceMidrange devicesSuperphonesWearablesSmartphones