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When 1 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 is added, which of the below shows the smallest change in its pH value? A) 1 mol dm-3 CH3COOH 20 cm3 B) 1 mol dm-3 NaOH 20 cm3 C) Mixture of 1 mol dm-3 CH3COOH 10 cm3 and 1 mol dm-3 CH3COONa 10 cm3 D) 1 mol dm-3 H2SO4 20 cm3 E) Distilled water 20 cm3

Question

When 1 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 is added, which of the below shows the smallest change in its pH value?

A) 1 mol dm-3 CH3COOH 20 cm3 B) 1 mol dm-3 NaOH 20 cm3 C) Mixture of 1 mol dm-3 CH3COOH 10 cm3 and 1 mol dm-3 CH3COONa 10 cm3 D) 1 mol dm-3 H2SO4 20 cm3 E) Distilled water 20 cm3

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Solution

The smallest change in pH value would occur in a solution that has a buffer system. A buffer system is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or a base are added.

In the given options, option C represents a buffer system. It is a mixture of CH3COOH (acetic acid) and CH3COONa (sodium acetate), which is a common acidic buffer system.

When 1 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 is added to this buffer system, it will resist changes in pH more effectively than the other solutions listed.

Therefore, the correct answer is C) Mixture of 1 mol dm-3 CH3COOH 10 cm3 and 1 mol dm-3 CH3COONa 10 cm3.

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