Hydrogen and oxygen react to form water. Which statement best describes the reactants and product at equilibrium?A.The reaction between oxygen and hydrogen stops.B.The concentration of water is the same as for oxygen and hydrogen.C.The concentration of oxygen and hydrogen are zero.D.The concentrations of water, oxygen, and hydrogen are stable.
Question
Hydrogen and oxygen react to form water. Which statement best describes the reactants and product at equilibrium?A.The reaction between oxygen and hydrogen stops.B.The concentration of water is the same as for oxygen and hydrogen.C.The concentration of oxygen and hydrogen are zero.D.The concentrations of water, oxygen, and hydrogen are stable.
Solution
The best description for the reactants and product at equilibrium is D. The concentrations of water, oxygen, and hydrogen are stable.
At equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction (hydrogen and oxygen forming water) equals the rate of the reverse reaction (water breaking down into hydrogen and oxygen). This does not mean that the reaction has stopped (eliminating option A), but rather that the concentrations of the reactants and products have stabilized and remain constant over time.
This does not necessarily mean that the concentrations of the reactants and the product are equal (eliminating option B), just that they are not changing.
Also, the concentrations of the reactants (hydrogen and oxygen) are not zero (eliminating option C), because if they were, the reaction could not proceed in the reverse direction, which is a requirement for equilibrium.
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