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Sickle cell anemia is caused by a allele because this mutation has more than one effect on the phenotype.

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Sickle cell anemia is caused by a allele because this mutation has more than one effect on the phenotype.

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Solution

Sickle cell anemia is caused by a pleiotropic allele. Pleiotropy refers to the phenomenon where a single gene or allele affects multiple and seemingly unrelated aspects of an organism's phenotype. In the case of sickle cell anemia, the mutated allele that causes this disease does not only affect the shape of the red blood cells (turning them into a sickle shape), but also their functionality and lifespan. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including anemia, episodes of pain, frequent infections, and delayed growth, all of which are characteristics of the phenotype of a person with sickle cell anemia.

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