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The core loss of a 5KVA single phase transformer with normal voltage applied to the primary is 74 watts. The maximum efficiency occurs at 70% of full-load KVA. What is the full load efficiency of the transformer at untiy power factor?

Question

The core loss of a 5KVA single phase transformer with normal voltage applied to the primary is 74 watts. The maximum efficiency occurs at 70% of full-load KVA. What is the full load efficiency of the transformer at untiy power factor?

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Solution

To solve this problem, we need to follow these steps:

  1. First, we need to calculate the full-load copper loss. We know that the maximum efficiency occurs at 70% of full-load KVA, and at this point, the copper loss equals the core loss. So, the full-load copper loss is (74 watts / 0.7^2) = 150.6122 watts.

  2. Next, we calculate the total losses at full load, which is the sum of the core loss and the full-load copper loss. So, the total losses at full load is (74 watts + 150.6122 watts) = 224.6122 watts.

  3. Now, we calculate the output power at full load. The transformer is rated at 5KVA, and at unity power factor, the output power equals the apparent power. So, the output power at full load is 5KVA = 5000 watts.

  4. Finally, we calculate the full load efficiency. The efficiency of a transformer is given by the ratio of the output power to the sum of the output power and the total losses. So, the full load efficiency is (5000 watts / (5000 watts + 224.6122 watts)) = 0.957 or 95.7%.

So, the full load efficiency of the transformer at unity power factor is 95.7%.

This problem has been solved

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