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Which of the following does not cause acute glomerulonephritis? Group of answer choicesSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)Type III hypersensitivityType I hypersensitivityInfection by group A β-haemolytic streptococci

Question

Which of the following does not cause acute glomerulonephritis? Group of answer choicesSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)Type III hypersensitivityType I hypersensitivityInfection by group A β-haemolytic streptococci

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Solution

Type I hypersensitivity does not cause acute glomerulonephritis.

Here's why:

  1. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): This is an autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation and damage to various body tissues, including the kidneys. In the kidneys, it can cause a type of kidney disease known as lupus nephritis, which can lead to glomerulonephritis.

  2. Type III hypersensitivity: This is an immune response that occurs when there is an excess of antigen, leading to immune complex formation and deposition in various tissues, including the kidneys. This can lead to inflammation and damage, causing glomerulonephritis.

  3. Type I hypersensitivity: This is an immediate or anaphylactic hypersensitivity reaction, typically associated with allergies and asthma. It involves IgE antibodies and mast cells but does not typically cause glomerulonephritis.

  4. Infection by group A β-haemolytic streptococci: This type of bacterial infection can lead to post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, a type of kidney disease. The bacteria can cause a throat or skin infection, and in some cases, the body's immune response to the infection can damage the glomeruli in the kidneys.

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